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North India, or simply Northern India, is a large geographical and cultural region that includes the northern portion of India (or, historically, the Indian subcontinent), with the predominant population being Indo-Aryans. It stretches from the northern Himalayan mountain range to the central Highlands, the Thar Desert, the Indo-Gangetic plains, and the northwest region of the Deccan plateau. It encompasses all three of India’s megacities, Mumbai, Delhi, and Kolkata, and accounts for around three-quarters of the country’s land area and people. To refer to the Indo-Gangetic Plain, which stretches from the Ganga-Yamuna to the Thar Desert, within this larger region in a more precise and administrative sense, one may alternatively use the term North India.
The region is traversed by several significant rivers, including as the Yamuna, Ganges, Indus, and Narmada. North India consists of the union territories of Chandigarh, Delhi, Jammu and Kashmir, and Ladakh as well as the states of Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Punjab and Haryana, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Goa, Gujarat, Maharashtra, Bihar, Jharkhand, and West Bengal. The word has distinct meanings in its narrower administrative connotation. The states that fall under this category include Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Punjab, Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, and Rajasthan, as well as the union territories of Chandigarh, Delhi, Jammu & Kashmir, and Ladakh.
